Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4+Nginx 0.7.47+PHP5.2+MYSQL5.0+Memcache+eAccelerator收

编辑：rootadmin

安装LINUX 1. 导航界面　【回车】 2. 是否将CD数据拷贝到磁盘上安装　【跳过】 3. LINUX安装界面　【下一步】 4. 选择语言　【英文】 5. 键盘　【美国标准键盘】 6. 选择类型　【自定义】 7. 磁盘分配　【自动分区】 8. 自动分区　【删除所有分区】 9. 引导装载　【下一步】 . 网络配置【DHCP】 . 选择系统默认语言　【英文】 . 选择时区　【北京】 . 设置管理员密码　【】 . 选择安装包　LINUX开发工具，系统配置工具 . 开始安装网络配置 Netconfig 图形界面设置网络，重启network后生效。网络服务启动脚本 /etc/init.d/network 从新启动才能生效扩展：# /etc/rc.d/init.d/network start 启动network # /etc/rc.d/init.d/network stop 停止network # /etc/rc.d/init.d/network restart 重启network # ifconfig eth0 down 停止eth0接口 # ifconfig eth0 up 开启eth0接口 Ifdown 网络接口名称停止某个网络接口。 Ifup 网络接口名称开启某个网络接口。设置Ip netcofnig /etc/rc.d/init.d/network start ifconfig eth0 up 设置防火墙 vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 重启防火墙 /etc/init.d/iptables restart 查看防火墙 /etc/init.d/iptables status 创建目录 Mkdir /home/soft/ wget wget wget wget wget wget wget wget 安装Mysql5.0. 开始安装和编译代码： groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql mysql tar zxvf mysql-5.0..tar.gz cd mysql-5.0. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql make make install scripts/mysql_install_db chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql/var chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysqld chmod a+x /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysqld mysqladmin -uroot password "" 启动服务方法 /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysqld start 停止服务方法 /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin shutdown cp /usr/local/webserver/mysql/include/mysql/mysql.h /usr/local/webserver/mysql/ 设置成开机自启动在/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件中加入一行 /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysqld start 这样每次重新启动系统以后,mysql也会随系统一起启动. 安装Memcache + libevent tar zxvf libevent-1.4.9-stable.tar.gz cd libevent-1.4.9-stable ./configure --prefix=/usr/ && make && make install cd ../ tar zxvf memcached-1.2.7.tar.gz cd memcached-1.2.7 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/server/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/ && make && make install /usr/local/server/memcached/bin/memcached -l ..8.1 -d -p -u nobody -m cd ../ 表示用 daemon 的方式启动 memcached，监听在 ..8.1 的端口上，运行用户为 nobody，为其分配MB 的内存安装 PHP扩展包 tar zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.3 ./configure make make install cd ../ tar zxvf libpng-1.4.0beta.tar.gz cd libpng-1.4.0beta cd scripts/ mv makefile.linux ../makefile cd ../ make make install cd ../ tar zxvf freetype-2.1..tar.gz cd freetype-2.1. ./configure make && make install cd ../ tar zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz cd jpeg-6b/ ./configure --enable-shared make make test mkdir /usr/local/man mkdir /usr/local/man/man1 make install cd ../ tar zxvf gettext-0..tar.gz cd gettext-0. ./configure --prefix=/usr cp /usr/lib/libattr.* /lib/ make make install cd ../ tar zxvf gd-2.0..tar.gz cd gd-2.0. ./configure --with-png --with-freetype --with-jpeg make && make install cp gd.h /usr/ cd ../ tar zxvf libiconv-1..tar.gz cd libiconv-1. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/iconv make make install cd ../ tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 ./configure make make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make make install cd ../../ tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz cd mhash-0.9.9 ./configure make make install cd ../ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make make install cd ../ 安装PHP tar zxvf php-5.2.9.tar.gz gzip -cd php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5..diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.9 -p1 cd php-5.2.9 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-freetype --with-png --with-gd --with-jpeg --with-zlib --enable-magic-quotes --with-iconv --without-sqlite --with-mcrypt --with-iconv=/usr/local/iconv --without-pdo-sqlite --with-gettext=/usr --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --disable-dom --disable-simplexml --enable-roxen-zts make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make install cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini 编译安装PHP5扩展模块 tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz cd memcache-2.2.5/ /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2 cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/ /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/ /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql make make install cd ../ 配置eAccelerator加速PHP mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache 修改PHP.ini vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini 手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./" 　　修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-/" 　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：　　extension = "memcache.so" 　　extension = "pdo_mysql.so" 　　再查找output_buffering = Off 　　修改为output_buffering = On 按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息： [eaccelerator] zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-/eaccelerator.so" eaccelerator.shm_size="" eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache" eaccelerator.enable="1" eaccelerator.optimizer="1" eaccelerator.check_mtime="1" eaccelerator.debug="0" eaccelerator.filter="" eaccelerator.shm_max="0" eaccelerator.shm_ttl="" eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="" eaccelerator.shm_only="0" eaccelerator.compress="1" eaccelerator.compress_level="9" 修改配置文件 vi /etc/sysctl.conf 输入以下内容 kernel.shmmax = 然后执行以下命令使配置生效 /sbin/sysctl -p 创建www用户和组，虚拟主机使用的目录： /usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www 创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件： rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为的空白错误页）： <?xml version="1.0" ?> <configuration> All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix <section name="global_options"> Pid file <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value> Error log file <value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value> Log level <value name="log_level">notice</value> When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ... <value name="emergency_restart_threshold"></value> ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated. Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory. <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value> Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value> Set to 'no' to debug fpm <value name="daemonize">yes</value> </section> <workers> <section name="pool"> Name of pool. Used in logs and stats. <value name="name">default</value> Address to accept fastcgi requests on. Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket' <value name="listen_address">.0.0.1:</value> <value name="listen_options"> Set listen(2) backlog <value name="backlog">-1</value> Set permissions for unix socket, if one used. In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server. Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. <value name="owner"></value> <value name="group"></value> <value name="mode"></value> </value> Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. <value name="php_defines"> <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value> <value name="display_errors">1</value> </value> Unix user of processes <value name="user">www</value> Unix group of processes <value name="group">www</value> Process manager settings <value name="pm"> Sets style of controling worker process count. Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like' <value name="style">static</value> Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served. Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi Used with any pm_style. <value name="max_children"></value> Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style <value name="apache_like"> Sets the number of server processes created on startup. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="StartServers"></value> Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value> Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="MaxSpareServers"></value> </value> </value> The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason '0s' means 'off' <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value> The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file '0s' means 'off' <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value> The log file for slow requests <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value> Set open file desc rlimit <value name="rlimit_files"></value> Set max core size rlimit <value name="rlimit_core">0</value> Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path <value name="chroot"></value> Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path <value name="chdir"></value> Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value> How much requests each process should execute before respawn. Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For endless request processing please specify 0 Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS <value name="max_requests"></value> Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect. Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+) Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket. <value name="allowed_clients">.0.0.1</value> Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment <value name="environment"> <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value> <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value> <value name="TMP">/tmp</value> <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value> <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value> <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value> <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value> <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value> </value> </section> </workers> </configuration> 启动php-cgi进程，监听.0.0.1的端口，进程数为（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启个进程），用户为www ulimit -SHn /usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start 安装Nginx 0.7. 安装Nginx所需的pcre库： tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz cd pcre-7.8/ ./configure make && make install cd ../ tar zxvf nginx-0.7..tar.gz cd nginx-0.7./ ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --without-http_map_module --without-http_geo_module --without-http_autoindex_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module make && make install cd ../ mkdir -p /data1/logs chmod +w /data1/logs chown -R www:www /data1/logs rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 输入以下内容 user www www; worker_processes 8; error_log /data1/logs/nginx_error.log crit; pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid; #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. worker_rlimit_nofile ; events { use epoll; worker_connections ; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #charset gb; server_names_hash_bucket_size ; client_header_buffer_size k; large_client_header_buffers 4 k; client_max_body_size 8m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout ; tcp_nodelay on; fastcgi_connect_timeout ; fastcgi_send_timeout ; fastcgi_read_timeout ; fastcgi_buffer_size k; fastcgi_buffers 4 k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr m; server { listen ; server_name blog.s.com; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /data0/htdocs/blog; #limit_conn crawler ; location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$ { #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass .0.0.1:; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; } location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ { expires d; } location ~ .*.(js|css)?$ { expires 1h; } log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; access_log /data1/logs/access.log access; } server { listen ; server_name www.s.com; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /data0/htdocs/www; location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$ { #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass .0.0.1:; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; } log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; access_log /data1/logs/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs; } } 在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件： vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf 输入以下内容 fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS ; 启动Nginx ulimit -SHn /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx 配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP vi /etc/rc.local 在末尾增加以下内容 ulimit -SHn /usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx 优化Linux内核参数 vi /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 使配置立即生效 /sbin/sysctl -p 编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本 vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh 增写以下内容 #!/bin/bash # This script run at : # The Nginx logs path logs_path="/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/" mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/ mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid` 设置crontab，每天凌晨:切割nginx访问日志 crontab -e 输入以下内容 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

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