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vue+uniapp瀑布流布局多种实现方式(vue实现瀑布流布局)
编辑：rootadminvue+uniapp瀑布流布局多种实现方式 文章目录前言一、实现原理二、代码实现1.方式1（图片高度累加比较法）2.方式2（父元素高度比较法）三.uniapp实现代码实现四、多列实现代码实现前言
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瀑布流布局是网页设计常见的一种布局，一般用于图片多列展示。列宽固定，图片根据自身高度自适应交错排列。
一、实现原理通过动态计算哪一列高度最低，就把图片放置该列下显示，直至所有图片分列完毕
计算哪一列高度最低具体实现过程又分2种方式：
方式1：通过计算每一列每张图片渲染后高度进行累加就是该列的高度，记录每列累加高度比较大小 方式2：直接通过图片父级元素高度（列div）来判断哪一列最低
区别：方式1无需等待图片真实渲染完成在比较高度，方式2需要等待图片真实渲染完成在获取高度
二、代码实现以左右2列为例
<template> <div class="page"> <!-- 左图片列表 --> <div class="left" ref="left"> <img class="img" v-for="(item, index) in leftList" :key="index" :src="item" /> </div> <!-- 右图片列表 --> <div class="right" ref="right"> <img class="img" v-for="(item, index) in rightList" :key="index" :src="item" /> </div> </div></template><style scoped>.page { width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: flex-start; padding: 0 1%; box-sizing: border-box;}.left,.right { margin: 0 auto; width: 48%;}.img { width: 100%; height: auto; margin-bottom: 10px;}</style>1.方式1（图片高度累加比较法）<script>export default { data() { return { imgList: [ "https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082", "https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500", "https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1088754973,1390499664&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=335&h=500", "https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=3866290852,3566512524&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=500", "https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1114729443,1120710416&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=667&h=500", "https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082", "https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500", "https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1088754973,1390499664&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=335&h=500", ], //所有图片 leftList: [], //左边列图片 rightList: [], //右边列图片 leftHeight: 0, //左边列高度 rightHeight: 0, //右边列高度 columnWidth: 0, //列宽度 }; }, mounted() { this.$nextTick(() => { this.columnWidth = this.$refs.left.clientWidth; this.setWaterFallLayout(); }); }, methods: { //方法1 async setWaterFallLayout() { for (let item of this.imgList) { let img = new Image(); img.src = item; try{ let h = await this.getImgHeight(img);//图片渲染后高度 if (this.leftHeight <= this.rightHeight) {//左边列比右边低，图片放入左边 this.leftList.push(item); this.leftHeight += h; } else {//否则，图片放入右边 this.rightList.push(item); this.rightHeight += h; } }catch(e){ console.log(e) } } }, //获取图片高度 getImgHeight(img) { return new Promise((resolve,reject) => { //图片加载完成 img.onload = () => { let h = (img.height / img.width) * this.columnWidth;//计算图片渲染后高度 resolve(h); }; //加载出错 img.onerror=()=>{ reject('error') } }); }, },};</script>2.方式2（父元素高度比较法）每次放入图片需要等待渲染后再重新计算父元素高度，关键代码 await this.$nextTick（）
<script>export default { data() { return { imgList: [ "https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082", "https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500", "https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1088754973,1390499664&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=335&h=500", "https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=3866290852,3566512524&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=500", "https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1114729443,1120710416&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=667&h=500", "https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082", "https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500", "https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1088754973,1390499664&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=335&h=500", ], //所有图片 leftList: [], //左边列表图片 rightList: [], //右边列表图片 }; }, mounted() { this.$nextTick(() => { this.setWaterFallLayout2(); }); }, methods: { //方法2 async setWaterFallLayout2() { for (let item of this.imgList) { if (this.$refs.left.clientHeight <= this.$refs.right.clientHeight) {//左边列比右边低，图片放入左边 this.leftList.push(item); } else {//否则图片放入右边 this.rightList.push(item); } await this.$nextTick();//等待渲染完成后重新比较左右高度 } }, },};</script>三.uniapp实现由于uniapp获取元素高度和vue有所区别，造成实现瀑布流方式也需要调整。我们知道uniapp不能通过this.$ref.xx.clientHeight获取元素高度，而需要通过uni.createSelectorQuery().in(this).select(‘.xxxx’).boundingClientRect().exec()来获取，且经过实测当图片动态加入列后通过该api计算出父元素真实高度是不准确的，所以uniapp瀑布流布局实现方式只能通过方法1（也即图片高度累加法）进行实现，除了上面方法1通过img.onload来获取图片高度外，uniapp还提供uni.getImageInfo方法来更方便获取图片高度。
代码实现<template><view class="page"><view class="left" ref="left"><image class="image" v-for="(item,i) in leftList" :key="i" :src="item" mode="widthFix"></image></view><view class="right" ref="right"><image class="image" v-for="(item,i) in rightList" :key="i" :src="item" mode="widthFix"></image></view></view></template><style lang="scss">.page {width: 100%;display: flex;align-items: flex-start;padding: 0 1%;box-sizing: border-box;}.left,.right {margin: 0 auto;width: 48%;}.image {width: 100%;height: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;}</style><script>export default {data() {return {imageList: ["https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082","https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500","https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1088754973,1390499664&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=335&h=500","https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=3866290852,3566512524&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=500","https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1114729443,1120710416&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=667&h=500","https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082","https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500","https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1088754973,1390499664&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=335&h=500",], //所有图片leftList: [], //左边列图片rightList: [], //右边列图片leftHeight: 0, //左边列高度rightHeight: 0, //右边列高度columnWidth: 0 //列宽度}},mounted() {this.$nextTick(() => {uni.createSelectorQuery().in(this).select('.left').boundingClientRect(res => {this.columnWidth = res.width//方法1this.setWaterFallLayout()//方法2// this.setWaterFallLayout2()}).exec()})},methods: {//方法1通过img.onloadasync setWaterFallLayout() {for (let item of this.imageList) {let img = new Image()img.src = itemtry {let h = await this.getImgHeight(img)if (this.leftHeight <= this.rightHeight) {this.leftList.push(item)this.leftHeight += h} else {this.rightList.push(item)this.rightHeight += h}} catch (e) {console.log(e)}}},//获取图片高度getImgHeight(img) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {img.onload = () => {let h = img.height / img.width * this.columnWidthresolve(h)}//加载出错img.onerror = () => {reject('error')}})},//方法2通过uni.getImageInfoasync setWaterFallLayout2() {for (let item of this.imageList) {uni.getImageInfo({src: item,success: e => {if (this.leftHeight <= this.rightHeight) {this.leftList.push(item)this.leftHeight += e.height} else {this.rightList.push(item)this.rightHeight += e.height}}})}}},}</script>四、多列实现多列实现和2列一样，动态生成每列图片数据和记录每列高度
代码实现以最简单的父元素高度比较法（方式2）为例实现，图片高度累加比较法（方式1）自行类比实现
<template> <div class="page"> <div class="column" ref="column" v-for="(item, index) in columnList" :key="index" > <img class="img" v-for="(n, i) in item" :key="i" :src="n" /> </div> </div></template><style scoped>.page { width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: flex-start; padding: 0 1%; box-sizing: border-box;}.column { flex: 1; padding: 0 10px; box-sizing: border-box; width: 0;}.img { width: 100%; height: auto; margin-bottom: 10px;}</style><script>export default { data() { return { imgList: [ "https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082","https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500","https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1088754973,1390499664&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=335&h=500","https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=3866290852,3566512524&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=500","https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1114729443,1120710416&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=667&h=500","https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082","https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500","https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1088754973,1390499664&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=335&h=500","https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=1345303087,1528317222&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=500&h=1082","https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=1893470775,4143435497&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=889&h=500", ], //所有图片 columnList: [], //分配后的每列图片 columWidth: 0, //每列宽度 columnCount: 5, //显示几列 }; }, created() { //初始化数据 for (let i = 0; i < this.columnCount; i++) { this.columnList.push([]);//生成每列图片数组 } }, mounted() { this.$nextTick(()=>{ this.setWaterFallLayout(); }) }, methods: { //瀑布布局 async setWaterFallLayout() { for (let item of this.imgList) { let columnHeight = this.$refs.column.map((item) => item.clientHeight); //每列高度数组 let min = Math.min(...columnHeight); //找出最小高度值 let index = columnHeight.findIndex((item) => item === min); //找出最小高度列的索引 this.columnList[index].push(item);//放入图片 await this.$nextTick(); //等待渲染完成后重新比较高度 } }, },};</script>上一篇：Video.js 使用教程 - 手把手教你基于 Vue 搭建 HTML 5 视频播放器(video.js能播放什么格式)
