el-menu动态加载路由，菜单的解决方案(element级联动态加载)

el-menu动态加载路由，菜单的解决方案 先看需要实现的效果

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这里有一级也有二级菜单，注意二级菜单的父目录（”选项设置“点击不会跳转，只是展开目录），然后点击去详情页，需要跳到一个隐藏的路由，不在菜单展示的路由 还有一点要注意，就是这里有两个router-view，整个页面是一个router-view，可以由LoginView和HomeView替换（当前看到的页面），而HomeView下又有一个router-view，需要用来展示部门，系统，超时，员工设置，不合格品列表和不合格品详情页。

以上的信息均需要在数据库的表中体现 先看看直接写在代码里需要哪些操作

const routes = [ { path: '', name: 'login', component: LoginView, } , { component: HomeView, children: [ { path: '/home', name: '不合格品列表', component: BelowStandard }, { path: '/product/:id', name: '不合格品详情', component: BelowStandardDetail } ] }, { component: HomeView, name: '选项设置', children: [ { path: '/employee', name: '员工设置', component: EmployeeConfig, }, { path: '/department', name: '部门设置', component: DepartmentConfig }, { path: '/system', name: '系统设置', component: SystemConfig }, { path: '/warn', name: '超时提醒', component: WarmConfig } ] }, { component: HomeView, children: [ { path: '/statistics', name: '统计', component: DailyStatistics } ] }, { component: HomeView, children: [ { path: '/log', name: '日志管理', component: LogManager } ] },]

这是路由，当要动态从数据库加载时，就不能写在这

<el-menu router active-text-color="#ffd04b" background-color="#000" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" :default-active="this.$route.path" text-color="#fff" @open="" @close="" > <el-menu-item index="/home"> <template #title> 不合格品列表 </template> </el-menu-item> <el-sub-menu index="/subMenuConfig"> <template #title> 选项设置 </template> <el-menu-item index="/department">部门设置</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="/system">系统设置</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="/warn">超时设置</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="/employee">员工设置</el-menu-item> </el-sub-menu> <el-menu-item index="/statistics"> <span>统计</span> </el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="/log"> <span>日志管理</span> </el-menu-item> </el-menu>

这是el-menu开启了路由功能，所以能跳转路由，当动态加载的时候，这部分需要改造成v-for

数据库

说明：parent_id为0的即是一级目录，但是一级目录里一部分可以直接展示界面，一部分是展开二级目录，我这是以component字段为home/HomeView.vue来区分是展示二级目录。

现在开始写后端程序，返回菜单的json格式数据。

List<Menu> menuList = menuMapper.getMenuByUserId(UserUtils.getLoginUser().getId());//根据ParentId分组Map<Integer, List<Menu>> map = menuList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Menu::getParentId, TreeMap::new,Collectors.toList()));List<Menu> menus = map.get(0);//一级菜单menus.forEach(menu->{//给有二级菜单的目录设置children属性 List<Menu> children = map.get(menu.getId()); menu.setChildren(children);});return menus;

从数据库查询到的数据格式如图，然后分一级二级菜单处理后，再返回前端

[{"name": "不合格品列表","path": "/home","component": "product/BelowStandard.vue","orderNum": 1,"parentId": 0,"isHidden": false,"children": null},{"name": "选项设置","path": "/subMenuConfig","component": "home/HomeView.vue","orderNum": 2,"parentId": 0,"isHidden": false,"children": [{"name": "员工设置","path": "/employee","component": "config/EmployeeConfig.vue","orderNum": 1,"parentId": 2,"isHidden": false,"children": null},{"name": "部门设置","path": "/department","component": "config/DepartmentConfig.vue","orderNum": 2,"parentId": 2,"isHidden": false,"children": null},{"name": "系统设置","path": "/system","component": "config/SystemConfig.vue","orderNum": 3,"parentId": 2,"isHidden": false,"children": null},{"name": "超时提醒","path": "/warn","component": "config/WarmConfig.vue","orderNum": 4,"parentId": 2,"isHidden": false,"children": null}]},{"name": "统计","path": "/statistics","component": "statistics/DailyStatistics.vue","orderNum": 3,"parentId": 0,"isHidden": false,"children": null},{"name": "日志管理","path": "/log","component": "log/LogManager.vue","orderNum": 4,"parentId": 0,"isHidden": false,"children": null},{"name": "不合格品详情","path": "/product/:id","component": "product/BelowStandardDetail.vue","orderNum": 5,"parentId": 0,"isHidden": true,"children": null}]

前端得到数据之后进行处理，再添加到路由，过程中遇到一个问题，vue-router4版本去掉addRoutes换成addRoute带来的问题困扰我很久，详情可以查看另一篇笔记： 第一次push路由不匹配

初始化路由：

router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {//配置路由守卫 if(to.path==='/'){ next() }else if(store.state.user.id){ initMenus(router,store,next,to) }else{ next({ path: '/',query: {redirect: to.path}}); }});export const initMenus = (router, store,next,to) => {//按F5刷新的话vuex里的会被清空，长度变为0 if (store.state.menu !== null) { next() }else { axios.get("/menu").then(response => { if (response) { let responseData = response.data if (responseData.flag) { store.state.menu = responseData.data initRoute(router,store.state) next({...to,replace:true})//解决router4版本的第一次路由不匹配问题 } else { this.$ElMessage.error('请求菜单失败') } } }) }}const initRoute = (router,state)=> { const loadView = view => {//这种引入方式控制台不会报警告 // 路由懒加载 return () => import(`@/views/${view}`) }; const menus = state.menu const firstLevelMenu = { children: [], component: loadView('home/HomeView.vue') } menus.forEach(menu=>{ menu.component = loadView(menu.component) if(menu.children === null || menu.children.length === 0){ firstLevelMenu.children.push(menu) }else{ menu.children.forEach(children=>{ children.component = loadView(children.component) }) router.addRoute(menu) } }) router.addRoute(firstLevelMenu)}

完成这些配置之后，路由就能动态加载了，然后取出vuex中存储的menu生成el-menu vuex中菜单大致如图

<el-menu router active-text-color="#ffd04b" background-color="#000" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" :default-active="this.$route.path" text-color="#fff" @open="" @close=""> <template v-for="route of this.$store.state.menu"> <template v-if="route.children === null || route.children.length === 0"><!--一级菜单--> <template v-if="!route.isHidden"> <el-menu-item :index = "route.path"> <span>{{route.name}}</span> </el-menu-item> </template> </template> <template v-else><!--二级菜单--> <template v-if="!route.isHidden"> <el-sub-menu :index = "route.path"> <template #title> <span>{{route.name}}</span> </template> <template v-for="children of route.children"> <template v-if="!children.isHidden"> <el-menu-item :index = "children.path"> <span>{{children.name}}</span> </el-menu-item> </template> </template> </el-sub-menu> </template> </template> </template></el-menu>

实现效果展示